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| 获奖年代 | 获奖者姓名 | 国籍 | 获奖原因 |
| 1901 | W.C.Roentgen | 德 | in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him |
| 1902 | H.A.Lorentz | 荷兰 | in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena |
| P.Zeeman | |||
| 1903 | H.A.Becquerel | 法 | in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity in recognition of the extraordinary services have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel |
| P.Curie | |||
| M.S.Curie | |||
| 1904 | L.John William Strutt Rayleigh | 英 | for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies. |
| 1905 | Philipp Eduard Abton Lebard | 德 | for his work on cathode rays |
| 1906 | Sir J.J.Thomson | 英 | in recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases. |
| 1907 | A.A.Michelson | 美 | for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid. |
| 1908 | G.Lippmann | 法 | for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference. |
| 1909 | G.Marconi | 意 | in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy. |
| C.F.Braun | 德 | ||
| 1910 | J.D.Van Der Waals | 荷兰 | for his work on the equation of state for gases and liquids |
| 1911 | W,Wien | 德 | for his discoveries regarding the laws governing the radiation of heat. |
| 1912 | N.G. Dal | 瑞典 | for his invention of automatic regulators for use in conjunction with gas accumulators for illuminating lighthouses and buoys. |
| 1913 | H.K.Onnes | 荷兰 | for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia to the production of liquid helium. |
| 1914 | M.V. Laue | 德 | for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals. |
| 1915 | Sir W.H. Brag | 英 | for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays. |
| Sir W.L.Bragg | |||
| 1917 | C.G.Barkla | 英 | for his discovery of the characteristic Rotgen radiation of the elements |
| 1918 | M.K.Ernst Ludwig Planck | 德 | in recognition of the services he rendered to the advancement of Physics by his discovery of energy quanta. |
| 1919 | Johannes Stark | 德 | for his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields. |
| 1920 | C.E. Guillaume | 法 | in recognition of the service he has rendered to precision measurements in Physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys. |
| 1921 | Albert Einstein | 美籍德国人 | for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect. |
| 1922 | Niels H.D.Bohl | 丹麦 | for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them. |
| 1923 | Robert Andrews Millikan | 美国 | for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect. |
| 1924 | Karl M.G.Siegbahn | 瑞典 | for his discoveries and researchin the field of X-ray spectroscopy. |
| 1925 | James Franck | 美籍德国人 | for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom. |
| Gustav Hertz | 德国 | ||
| 1926 | Jean B.Perrin | 法国 | for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for his discovery of sedimentation equilibrium. |
| 1927 | Arthur Holly Compton | 美国 | for his discovery of the effect named after him |
| Charles T.R.Wilson | 英国 | for his method of making the paths of electrically charged particles visible by condensation of vapour. | |
| 1928 | Owen Willans Richardson | 英国 | for his work on the thermionic phenomenon and especially for the discovery of the law named after him. |
| 1929 | Louis Vicfor de Brogile | 法国 | for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons. |
| 1930 | Chandrasekhara V.Roman | 印度 | for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him. |
| 1932 | Werner Heisenberg | 德国 | for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen. |
| 1933 | Erwin Schrodinger | 奥地利 | for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory. |
| Paul A.M.Dirac. | 英国 | ||
| 1935 | James Chadwick | 英国 | for the discovery of the neutron |
| 1936 | Carl David Anderson | 美国 | for his discovery of cosmic radiation |
| Victor Francis Hess | 美籍奥地利人 | for his discovery of the positron. | |
| 1937 | Clinton Joseph Davisson | 美国 | for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals. |
| George Paget Thomson | 英国 | ||
| 1938 | Enrico Fermi | 意大利 | for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons. |
| 1939 | Ernest O.lawrence | 美国 | for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements. |
| 1943 | Otto Stern | 美 | for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the magnetic moment of the proton. |
| 1944 | Isidor Isaac Rabi | 美 | for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei |
| 1945 | Wolfgang Pauli | 奥 | for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli Principle. |
| 1946 | Percy Williams Bridgman | 美 | for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made therewith in the field of high pressure physics. |
| 1947 | Sir Edward Victor Appleton | 英 | for his investigations of the physics of the upper atmosphere especially for the discovery of the so-called Appleton layer. |
| 1948 | Lord Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett | 英 | for his development of the Wilson cloud chamber method, and his discoveries therewith in the fields of nuclear physics and cosmic radiation. |
| 1949 | Hideki Yukawa | 日 | for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces. |
| 1950 | Cecil Frank Powell | 英 | for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and his discoveries regarding mesons made with this method. |
| 1951 | Sir John Douglas Cockcroft | 英 | for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially acce lerated atomic particles. |
| Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton | 爱尔兰 | ||
| 1952 | Felix Bloch | 美 | for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith. |
| Edward Milis Purcell | |||
| 1953 | Frits(Frederik) Zernike | 荷兰 | for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the phase contrast microscope. |
| 1954 | Max Born | 德 | for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics,especially for his statistical interpretation of the wavefunction |
| Walther Bothe | for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith. | ||
| 1955 | Willis Eugene Lamb | 美 | for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum |
| Polykarp Kusch | for his precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron. | ||
| 1956 | William Shockley | 美 | for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect. |
| John Bardeen | |||
| Walter Houser Brattain | |||
| 1957 | Tsung_Dao Lee | 美 | for their penetratinginvestigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary partic les. |
| Chen Ning Yang | |||
| 1958 | Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov | 前苏联 | for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect. |
| IL'JA Mikhailovich Frank | |||
| Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm | |||
| 1959 | Emilio Gino Segre | 美 | for their discovery of the antiproton. |
| Wen Chamberlain | |||
| 1960 | Donald A. Glaser | 美 | for the invention of the bubble chamber |
| 1961 | Robert Hofstadter | 美 | for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the stucture of the nucleons |
| Rudolf Ludwig Mosbauer | 德 | for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name. | |
| 1962 | Lev Davidovich Landau | 前苏联 | for his pioneering theories for condensed matter, especially liquid helium. |
| 1963 | Eugene P. Wigner | 美 | for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles |
| Marta Gorppert-Mayer | 美 | for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure. | |
| J. Hans D. Jensen | 德 | ||
| 1964 | Charles H. Townes | 美 | for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle. |
| Nicolay Gennadiyevich Basov | 前苏联 | ||
| Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov | 前苏联 | ||
| 1965 | Richard P. Feynman | 美 | for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles. |
| Julian Schwinger | 美 | ||
| Sin-Itiro Tomonaga | 日 | ||
| 1966 | Alfred Kastler | 法 | for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying hertzian resonances in atoms. |
| 1967 | Hans Albrecht Bethe | 美 | for his contributions to the theory ofnuclear reactions, especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars. |
| 1968 | Luis W. Alvarez | 美 | for his decisive contributions to elementary particle physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of resonance states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber and data analysis. |
| 1969 | Murray Gell-Mann | 美 | for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions. |
| 1970 | Hannes Alfve | 瑞典 | for fundamental work and discoveries in magneto-hydrodynamics with fruitful applications in different parts of plasma physics |
| Louis Neel | 法 | for fundamental work and discoveries concerning antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism which have led to important applications in solid state physics. | |
| 1971 | Dennis Gabor | 英 | for his invention and development of the holographic method |
| 1972 | John Bardeen | 美 | for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory. |
| Leon N. Cooper | |||
| J. Robert Schriesser | |||
| 1973 | Brian D.Josephson | 英 | for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effects. |
| Leo Esaki | 日 | for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively, | |
| Ivar Giaever | 美 | ||
| 1974 | Sir Martin Ryle | 英 | for their pioneering research in radio astrophysics Ryle for his observations and inventions, in particular of the aperture synthesis technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the discovery of pulsars. |
| Antony Hewish | 英 | ||
| 1975 | Aage Bohr | 丹 | for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection. |
| Ben Mottelson | 丹 | ||
| James Rainwater | 美 | ||
| 1976 | Burton Richter | 美 | for their pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind. |
| Samuel C. C. Ting | |||
| 1977 | Philip W. Anderson | 美 | |
| John H. Van Vleck | 美 | for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems. | |
| Sir Nevill F. Mott | 英 | ||
| 1978 | Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa | 美 | for his basic inventions and discoveries in the area of low-temperature physics |
| Robert W. Wilson | |||
| Arno A. Penzias | 前苏联 | for their discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation. | |
| 1979 | Sheldon L. Glashow | 美 | for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including inter alia the prediction of the weak neutral current. |
| Steven Weinberg | |||
| Abdus Salam | 巴基斯坦 | ||
| 1980 | James W. Cronin | 美 | for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons. |
| Val L. Fitch | |||
| 1981 | Nicolaas Bloembergen | 美 | for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy |
| A.L. Schawlow | |||
| K.M.Siegbahn | 瑞典 | for his contribution to the development of high- resolution electron spectroscopy. | |
| 1982 | Kenneth G. Wilson | 美 | for his theory for critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions. |
| 1983 | S.Andrasekhar | 美 | for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars |
| W.A. Fowler | 美 | for his theoretical and experimental studies of the nuclear reactions of importance in the formation of the chemical elements in the universe. | |
| 1984 | Carlo Rubbla | 意 | for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z, communicators of weak interaction. |
| Simon Van Der Meer | 荷兰 | ||
| 1985 | Klaus Von Klitzing | 德 | for the discovery of the quantized Hall effect. |
| 1986 | Ernst Ruska | 德 | for his fundamental work in electron optics, and for the design of the first electron microscope. |
| Gerd Binnig | 瑞士 | for their design of the scanning tunneling microscope | |
| Heinrich Rohrer | |||
| 1987 | J. Georg Bednorz | 美 | for their important breakthrough in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials. |
| K. Alexander Mueler | |||
| 1988 | Leon M. Lederman | 美 | for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino. |
| Melvin Schwartz | 美 | ||
| Jack Steinberger | 英 | ||
| 1989 | Norman F. Ramsey | 美 | for the invention of the separated oscillatory fields method and its use in the hydrogen maser and other atomic clocks. |
| Wolfgang Paul | 德 | for the development of the ion trap technique. | |
| Hans G. Dehmelt | 美 | ||
| 1990 | Jerome I. Friedman | 美 | for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics. |
| Henry W. Kendall | 美 | ||
| Richard E. Taylor | 加 | ||
| 1991 | Pierre-Gilles De Gennes | 法 | for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers |
| 1992 | Georges Charpak | 法 | for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber |
| 1993 | Russell A. Hulse | 美 | for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation |
| Joseph H. Taylor Jr. | |||
| 1994 | Bertram N. Brockhouse | 加 | for the development of neutron spectroscopy |
| Clifford G. Shull | 美 | for the development of the neutron diffraction technique. | |
| 1995 | Martin L. Perl | 美 | for the discovery of the tau lepton |
| Frederick Reines | for the detection of the neutrino. | ||
| 1996 | David M. Lee | 美 | for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3. |
| Douglas D.Osheroff | 美 | ||
| Robert C. Richardson | 美 | ||
| 1997 | Steven Chu | 美 | for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light. |
| Claude Cohen-Tannoudji | 法 | ||
| William D. Phillips | 美 | ||
| 1998 | Robert B.Laughlin | 美 | for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations |
| Horst L.Stormer | 德 | ||
| Daniel C.Tsui | 美 | ||
| 1999 | Gerardus't Hooft | 荷兰 | for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics |
| Martius J.G. Veltman | 荷兰 | ||
| 2000 | Jack Kilby | 美 | foundation works in respect of information technology |
| Zhores I Alferov | 俄罗斯 | ||
| Herbert Kroemer | 美 |