本章练习
翻译题（一）语序的转换
I. 翻译下列句子，注意调整词序
1.Man's warm blood makes it difficult for him to live long in the sea without some kind warmth ．
2.He cannot see it clearly for the fog ．
3. This body of knowledge is customarily divided for convenience of study into the classifications: mechanics, heat, light, electricity and sound.
4.He, not surprisingly, did not respond at all.
5.Nothing has happened since we left.
6.He went out for a walk after he had his dinner.
7.Obviously unemployment is widespread in some countries.
8.There is some truth in what he says.
9.Hardly had he got aboard when the train started.
10.It is clear that he did not want to do that job.
11.Road ahead closed!
12.Visitors declined!
13.No admittance except on business!
14.No admittance without a pass!
15.From Thursday April 5th the building will close on Thursday and Saturday at 5 p.m.
16.Mind your head when rising from seat!
17.If she had long lost the blue-eyed, flower-like charm, the cool slim purity of face and form, the apple-blossom colouring which had so swiftly and oddly affected Ashurst twenty-six years ago, she was still at forty-three a comely and faithful companion, whose cheeks were faintly mottled, and whose grey-blue eyes had acquired a certain fullness.
18.While the present century was in its teens, and on one sunshiny morning in June, there drove up to the great iron gate of Miss Pinkerton's academy for young ladies, on Chiswick Mall, a large family coach, with two fat horses in blazing harness, driven by a fat coachman in a three-cornered hat and wig, at the rate of four miles an hour.
19.But without Adolf Hitler, who was possessed of a demoniac personality, a granite will, uncanny instincts, a cold ruthlessness, a remarkable intellect, a soaring imagination and -– until toward the end, when drunk with power and success, he overreached himself-- an amazing capacity to size up people and situations, there almost certainly would never have been a Third Reich.
20.In that infinitesimal fraction of time, inconceivable and immeasurable, during which the first atomic bomb converted a small part of its matter into the greatest burst of energy released on earth up to that time, Prometheus had broken his bonds and brought a new fire down to earth, a fire three million times more powerful than the original fire he snatched from the gods for the benefit of man some five hundred thousand years ago.
II. 翻译以下段落
While accepting the right of the Government to stop confidential information from being disclosed, Sir Richard said, “ The Crown have not, in my judgment, established by evidence any misuse by the defendant of his position as a former member of the SIS （情报机关） or of information imparted to him in that capacity. ” He believed that the Crown had tried to establish a case on what was far too broad a statement of the fiduciary duty owed by ex-members of intelligence and security agencies.（二）句子成分的转换
I. 将下列句子译成英语，注意句子的成分
1. 什么时候才能完工？
2. “给他找了钱么？”“没有。”
3. 这东西英语怎么说？
4. 他找着了就会送过来。
5. “他的字条呢？”“被风吹走了。”
6. 最好是把这家具送给他，可是你又不肯。
7. “老师在哪里？”我可不知道。”
8. “她怎么样了？”“很难说。”
9. 抽支烟吗？
10. “谁在那里？”“是老师。”
11. 科学研究发展的特点是理论联系实际。
12. 他画马画得特别好。
13. 人民历来勇于探索、勇于创造、勇于革命。
14. 人们利用科学去了解自然，改造自然。
15. 他坐在那儿抽烟。
16. 只要再走一小时，我们就可以到达那家客栈。
17. 有了现代飞机，世界似乎比以前小了。
18. 孩子的个性迥然相异。
19. 水、冰和蒸汽的形态各不相同。
20. 华氏温标很不方便，但英美仍在使用。
II. 翻译以下段落
武夷山是中国东南名山，位于福建省北部。武夷山因两处引人入胜的奇特风景而闻名：如丝带曲折盘绕于群山脚下的九曲溪和屹立于九曲溪畔的陡峭三十六峰。游客攀登在陡峭的山间小路，如入景变无穷之境。站立高峰可尽览他山之峰和九曲溪美景。武夷山不仅风景秀丽，而且还以诸如 3000 年架壑船棺等历史遗迹而闻名。许多著名学者，如朱熹、陆游与辛弃疾等人曾游历，讲学于此。亦有道士来此归隐。从古代起，这里就留下了大量庙宇塔楼、楼阁亭台和摩崖题刻。武夷山风景区资源丰富。那儿有许多享誉国内外奇花异木和名贵药材。（三）被动句的处理
I. 翻译下列句子，注意语态的处理
1. The book has been published.
2. A person's surname should be used unless he is a good friend or school-mate.
3. An older person may call a younger by his given name ， but the younger should never use the given name of the older unless asked to do so.
4. Letters or documents can be amended when necessary without complete re-typing or rechecking.
5. The processor is so advanced that new programs can simply be added to the existing ones ， making them even more useful.
6. A resolution was adopted fixing May 1st，l886， for a great nationwide demonstration.
7. For example, Illinois was named for the Indians who used to live in that part of the country.
8. And it's therefore not difficult to understand why the United States has long been known as a “ melting pot ” .
9. Whether they are asking for information，expressing a desire， making a request， offering an opinion， or explaining something， the exchange of ideas is carried on through words.
10. American architecture is at its best when it is concerned with buildings that have a practical purpose.
11. Not until the late nineteenth century was the style developed.
12. As American cities grew larger in the closing years of the nineteenth century and the land on which the structures might be placed became more valuable ， the demand for taller buildings increased.
13. Last year he was killed.
14. The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time.
15. By the end of next year, a new stadium will have been built.
16. The fine modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter.
17. By then, the population of the world will probably have doubled.
18. Cars are used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers.
19. More car pools should be formed in order to put fewer automobiles on the road and to use less gasoline.
20. Something will have to be done about the use of cars.
II. 翻译以下段落
There it was on the bureau, the letter—in sacred ink, on blessed paper—all over the city, people, if they listened, could hear the beating of George O'Kelly's heart. He read the commas, the blots, and the thumb-smudge on the margin—then he threw himself hopelessly upon his bed. He was in a mess, one of those terrific messes which are ordinary incidents in the life of the poor, which follow poverty like birds of prey. The poor go under or go up or go wrong or even go on, somehow, in a way the poor have – but George O'Kelly was so new to poverty that had any one denied the uniqueness of his case he would have been astounded.（四）句子的分译与合译
I. 翻译下列各句，注意句子的合并、分拆及连词的使用
1.I'm going to New York by air. I like flying.
2.The computer runs out of order from time to time. It should be repaired.
3.With all its disadvantages this design is considered to be the best ．
4.I wrote six books in the first three years, a record never touched before.
5.Let us have a good look at Fig ． 2 showing how heat makes objects expand.
6.The ancients tried unsuccessfully to explain how a rainbow is formed 。
7.Heat is required to change ice to water.
8.The actual weight of the atoms is too small to use conveniently in calculations.
9.He rejoiced to hear of your success.
10.I' m sorry. I' m too much in a hurry to talk with you.
11. 天气寒冷，溪流都结冰了。
12. 靠讲空话不能实现我们的计划。
13. 努力工作，天天进步。
14. 我和他互相帮助。
15. 道路是曲折的，前途是光明的。
16. 试验场所不得停车。
17. 大街小巷早已传遍了各种流言蜚语。
18. 我们跑过去欢迎代表们。
19. 老鼠过街，人人喊打。
20. 留得青山在，不愁没柴烧。
II. 翻译以下段落
如果没有对外开放的政策，福建就不会发生这么大的变化。如果没有实行改革，建设速度就不会这样快。为了适应对外开放的需要，鼓励外商来闽投资，福建在加强基础建设的同时 , 还十分注意软环境的改善。福建颁布了一系列政策以鼓励外商来闽投资。为保护投资者的合法利益，福建制定了二十九条经济法规。福建省不仅努力保持政策的稳定性，而且努力改进金融、保险、交通、信息等社会服务体系，使外商在闽投资方便、安全、获利。（五）句子的正译与反译
I. 试用反译法翻译下列各句：
1.The thought of returning to his hometown never deserted him.
2.He stayed awake almost the whole night.
3.You cannot praise him too highly.
4.The house is over there; you can't miss it.
5. The question is beyond me.
6.Some scientists don't find it possible for life to exist on this planet ．
7.Two boats sank off the coast.
8.These goods are in short supply.
9.This question is far from being complicated.
10.For authorized persons only.
11. 他很快就完成了任务。
12. 家乡是最好的地方。
13. 外面确实在下雪。
14. 你就在这儿等着，我马上就来。
15. 他们总这么拼命干。
16. 几年来她一直是全勤。
17. 这个问题仍应注意。
18. 他走到桥边就停下来了。
19. 省省吧，路还长着呢。
20. “她不知道吧？”“就是，她不知道。”
II. 翻译以下段落
Less than two years ago he had been graduated with honors from The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and had taken a position with a firm of construction engineers in southern Tennessee. All his life he had thought in terms of tunnels and skyscrapers and great squat dams and tall, three-towered bridges, that were like dancers holding hands in a row, with heads as tall as cities and skirts of cable strand. It had seemed romantic to George O'Kelly to change the sweep of rivers and the shape of mountains so that life could flourish in the old bad lands of the world where it had never taken root before. At present he was an insurance clerk at forty dollars a week with his dream slipping fast behind him.（六）汉语无主句和外位语结构的处理
I. 翻译下列句子，注意无主句的处理方式
1. 在印度也讲英语吗？
2. 弄不好就会前功尽弃。
3. 现在八点半了。
4. 下雨了。
5. 究竟能不能完工呢？
6. 再也没有办法了。
7. 不许迟到！
8. 请勿吸烟。
9. 湖边屹立着一片松树林。
10. 次日举行了大会。
11.There seems to be some misunderstanding about the issue.
12.On the fourth floor (AmE, cp. the third floor, BrE) there lived a young woman.
13.There are still five points that are worthy to be mentioned.
14.There is nothing permanent except change.
15. Grasp all, lose all.
16.Here ends his diary.
17.It's hard to say.
18.Everywhere you can find people practicing martial arts.
19.More rain came, this time accompanied by a cold wind.
20.It is hard to decide which word is more nearly proper.
II. 翻译以下段落
“服务型政府”是今年的政府工作报告中对政府职能转变的新提法，实际上，这也是“入世”对政府职能提出的新要求。“入世”后，各级政府要适应新形式，转变观念，转变工作方式，成为适应市场经济发展要求的服务型政府。我们强调服务，并不是要削弱监管，在市场经济的条件下，政府的职能不是弱化，而是转化，该弱化的就弱化，该强化的就强化。
