| Directions : There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage 1
It is often difficult to draw a precise line between bird songs and bird calls. But song is concerned mainly with defending territory or attracting a mate( 配偶 ), whereas the function of calls is to pass on other kinds of information, such as the fact that an enemy is approaching. Songs tend to be complex arrangements of notes( 叫声 ), uttered rhythmically( 有节奏地 ) and in most cases by the male; calls are generally short groups of up to four or five notes---- less pleasing, to human ears at least.
A bird can communicate many things by the sounds it makes. It can state its species, its sex, even its condition. It can set off sexual excitement, curiosity, alarm or fear in another bird. It can attract a mate or drive off a rival. It can pass on news----where food is to be found or where there is a possible nest-site. It can warn others about the presence of enemies. But when it sings, the usual message is to broadcast its ownership of a territory.
At the beginning of he mating season, two instincts( 本能 )shape the lives of a great number of birds---the instinct to lay claim to a territory and the instinct to find a mate. Song, functioning as language in the sense that it conveys information from one bird to another, makes both things possible.
1)
‘less pleasing, to human ears at least'(Line 5) means
：
(A)
humans, at least, find bird calls more enjoyable than bird songs
(B)
humans, at least, find bird songs more enjoyable than bird calls
(C)
humans find that at least bird calls are enjoyable
(D)
to human ears at least, the birds sound less contended when singing than when calling
2)
Bird songs are
：
(A)
easy to tell from bird calls
(B)
used to show possession of a certain area
(C)
usually used to warn other birds that an enemy is coming near
(D)
produced only by the male
3)
Sounds made by a bird are not used
()。
(A)
to alarm another bird
；
(B)
to drive off a rival
；
(C)
to show its health condition
；
(D)
to attract a rival
4)
Bird songs are _____
(A)
only used to broadcast the ownership of a territory.
；
(B)
sometimes used to drive off a rival
；
(C)
used to attract a mate and to show possession of a territory on special occasion
；
(D)
used to please human ears
5)
The best title for this passage is ______
(A)
Bird Songs
(B)
Bird Sounds and Their Function
(C)
Bird Calls
(D)
Birds Sounds and Human Beings
Passage 2
On the morning of May 20,1927, Charles A. Lindberg took off from a muddy airfield in New York and headed for Paris . Fourteen hours later he was still flying. During the fourteen hours, he had had some anxious moments. Sleet had gathered on the wings of the plane and the fog was so thick that he could hardly see the tips of the wings. However, he had encountered equally dangerous flying conditions before. He had only one choice; he had to go on. Alone in the plane, Lindberg knew that it would be fatal to fall asleep. Before the flight, he had trained himself to stay awake for long periods of time. Now he watched the instrument panel intently.
At 12: 10 in the afternoon of May 21, Lindberg caught sight of the coast of Ireland . Now that the flight was almost over, he began to relax a little. Once over land, he knew that he had a good chance of landing safely, after thirty-four hours in the air without sleep, he arrived at Le Bourget Field, in Paris .
More than a hundred thousand people were there to welcome him as a great hero. His name was on everyone's lips. Overnight he had achieved fame; the whole world was ringing with his praises. Wealthy and famous men and women fought for the privilege of paying him their personal tributes.
Though the whole world was praising him, Lindberg kept his head. He resisted the temptation to profit by his enormous popularity. He could have made millions of dollars very easily by merely signing his name to contracts, but he declined to use his name for selfish ends.
6)
From the passage we may infer that Lindberg must ____
(A)
have flown the New York-Paris route before
(B)
have flown the New York-Paris route several times before
(C)
be the first person who made the first solo flight from New York to Paris
(D)
have flown the New York - Paris route with his friend before
7)
The ocean Lindberg flew across must be _____
(A)
the Atlantic
(B)
the Arctic Ocean
(C)
the Pacific
(D)
the Mediterranean
8)
From the passage we definitely know that during his flight Lindberg was ___
(A)
frightened
(B)
tired and sleepy
(C)
relaxing
(D)
anxious
9)
Lindberg kept his head”(the first sentence in the last paragraph) means___
(A)
Lindberg was very proud
(B)
Lindberg was annoyed at people's praise
(C)
Lindberg kept calm
(D)
Lindberg was very much delighted at his success.
10)
Lindberg flew from New York to Paris _____
(A)
for money
(B)
out of habit
(C)
for fame
(D)
for none of them
Passage 3
The size and location of the world's deserts are always changing. Over millions of years, as climates alter and mountains rise, new dry and wet areas emerge, but within the last hundred years, deserts have been increasing at a frightening speed. This is partly because of natural changes, but those most responsible for creating deserts are men.
In the nineteenth century some people living in the English colonies in Australia introduced rabbits into that continent from England . Today there are millions of rabbits that eat every plant in sight. The great desert that lies in the center of Australia is growing, partly due to the rabbits.
Agriculture was first begun in the Tigris-Euphrates Valley , but today the land there is a desert. In dry areas, people plant crops on land that is poor and arid( 寸草不生的 ). When there are one or two years of drought, vegetation dies, the wind blows the top soil away and the land becomes a desert. Goats, sheep and camels eat every plant they can find.
In developing countries people mostly use wood for cooking and heating. They cut down trees for fuel. But a tree cools the land under it and keeps the sun off smaller-plants. As the leaves fall, they enrich the soil. When trees disappear, smaller-plants die and only sand remains. Yet people need fuel, animals and crops in order to live.
Men can make deserts, but they can also prevent them from getting bigger. Algeria is planting a green belt of trees along the edge of Sahara Desert to stop the sand. In China , too, windbreaks are being built in the northeast to keep the desert from growing.
But deserts still threaten the world. Can we stop the spread of the world's deserts and save the land that is essential to mankind? Yes, we can. And we must.
11)
This passage is mainly about__________
(A)
the size and location of deserts
(B)
the spread of deserts
(C)
ways to prevent the deserts from spreading
(D)
natural changes of the deserts
12)
The size and location of the world's deserts are always changing mainly because of _______
(A)
the changes of climates and mountains
(B)
animals
(C)
spreading rabbits
(D)
men
13)
According to this passage, which of the following doesn't contribute to the formation of the desert in the Tigris-Euphrates Valley ?
(A)
One or two years of drought destroy vegetation
(B)
The wind blows the top soil away.
(C)
Millions of rabbits eat every plant in sight.
(D)
Goats, sheep, and camels eat every plant they can find.
14)
It is implied in the fourth paragraph that ______ of the first importance to people's life
(A)
uel is
(B)
animals are
(C)
crops are
(D)
trees are imgine how people could (19)
15) What is the writer's attitude towards bringing deserts under control?
(A)
Optimistic
(B)
Pessimistic
(C)
Sarcastic
(D)
Appreciative
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