6.6.1 Categorization
Categorization refers to the process by which people use language to classify the world around and inside them. It is fundamental to human cognition. When we use the word cat to refer to cats of different colors, of different parts of the world, of different sizes, and of different breeds, we actually put all of them into a category. Our concepts of a cat and the word cat are inseparable in the process of categorization. The study of meaning is naturally and intimately concerned with categorization. The point is made by Labov (1973: 342): “If linguistics can be said to be any one thing, it is the study of categories: that is, the study of how language translates meaning into sound through the categorization of reality into discrete units and sets of units.” In the past two decades cognitive psychologists and cognitive linguists have gained new insights into the nature of categories. |