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Writing Skill
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Ideas are connected and related in a sentence either
by coordination (并列) or by subordination (从属). Coordination is used
to give ideas equal emphasis, and subordination, to emphasize a dominant
(支配的) idea and express the minor ones in dependent elements like a
subordinate clause (从句) or a participial or prepositional phrase.
A series of short sentences, if related, may be combined into a
longer sentence with the main idea properly emphasized. For example:
Loose: They were waiting for the meeting to begin.
They talked with each other.
They talked about the women's volleyball team.
The team had won victories in Tokyo.
Combined: While waiting for the meeting to begin, they
talked about the victories
won by the women's volleyball team in Tokyo.
Here I'll explain the functions of the subordinating conjunctions
in Chinese so that you can have a better understanding of them.
从属连词
引导从句的连词叫从属连词。从属连词可以引导名词从句和各种类型的状语从句。本节中主要介绍引导状语从句的从属连词。
一、 引导时间状语从句的从属连词有when, while, as, after, before, since, until, as
soon as,等。
例如： Don't go away before I leave.
When there is a strong wind, the sea can be very rough.
二、 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because, as, now that, since等。
例如： As the weather was fine, I opened all the windows.
Now that I am well again, I can go on with my work.
三、 引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if, unless, as(so) long as等。例如:
You can't learn a language well unless you work hard.
We should serve the people as long as we live.
四、 引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as, just as, as if等。例如：
Do just as you like.
He walked slowly as if he had hurt his leg.
五、 引导让步状语从句的从属连词有though, although, even if, even though, whether…or…等。
例如：
Though it was very cold, she went out without an overcoat.
Whether it shines or rains, I will go tomorrow morning.
六、 引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that, in order that, lest, in case等。
例如：
Come round to the window so that I can see you.
Jim did not answer back lest his mother should be angry with him.
吉姆没有回嘴，免得妈妈对他生气。
七、 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so that, so…that, such…that等。例如：
She passed her examinations with such good marks that she was given
the chance to study abroad.
八、 引导比较状语从句的从属连词有as…as, not so…as, more…than, less…than, the…, the…等。
例如：
John is less clever than Peter.
They jumped up and down as hard as they could.
Now, we have just finished the discussion about conjunction. It's
your turn to do the exercise below. Come on. |
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Guided Writing
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Key
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Key to Writing Practice
1. It was over five years before we met again.
2. As he grew old, he became more and more patient.
3. Now that you've bought a new car, what are you going
to do with the old one?
4. We missed the train because we used an out-of-date
timetable.
5. After the work was done, he took a shower and went
home.
6. I'll ring you up as soon as I get an answer from
him.
7. The boy has defeated many grown-ups at chess although
he is only eleven.
8. They have seen each other quite a lot since they
first met last May.
9. I stood there watching the plane until it flew out
of sight.
10. We'd better take the telescope with us in case it
is needed.
11. The strength of the collective is boundless, while
that of the individual is very limited.
12. If Columbus had not discovered America, somebody
else would have done it.
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Combination: subordinating conjunctions
Reread the following sentences from the text of this unit carefully,
and study the functions of the subordinating conjunctions (从属连接词)
(italicized):
－－If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer,
she'll tell you that I havealways been one.
－－ You'll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project
I ever did
after I finished my bachelor's degree at the university.
－－After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an
oral report of my findings.
Combine the following pairs of sentences, using proper subordinating
conjunctions from the list below. Make changes where necessary.
(after, before, since, until, as, while, because, if,
in case , although, as soon as, now that)
Model:
They entered the hall.
The audience burst into thunderous applause (雷鸣般的掌声).
When they entered the hall, the audience burst into thunderous
applause.
1. It was over five years.
We met again.
2. He grew old.
He became more and more patient.
3. You've bought a new car.
What are you going to do with the old one?
4. We used an out-of-date timetable.
That's why we missed the train.
5. The work was done.
He took a shower and went home.
6. I'll get an answer from him.
I'll ring you up at once.
7. The boy has defeated many grown-ups at chess.
He is only eleven.
8. They have seen each other quite a lot.
They first met last May.
9. I stood there watching the plane.
It flew out of sight.
10. We'd better take the telescope (望远镜) with us.
Perhaps it is needed.
11. The strength of the collective (集体) is boundless (无限的).
The strength of the individual (个人) is very limited.
12. Supposing that Columbus had not discovered America.
Somebody else would have discovered it. |
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