一、阅读《新实用英译汉教程》第三章第三、四节（pp.130-138）
二、将下列英语语段翻译成汉语：
1. But your own books belong to you; you treat them with that affectionate
intimacy that annihilates formality. Books are for use, not for show;
you should own no book that you are afraid to mark up, or afraid to
place on the table, wide open and face down. A good reason for marking
favorite passages in books is that this practice enables you to remember
more easily the significant sayings, to refer to them quickly, and then
in later years, it is like visiting a forest where you once blazed a
trail. You have the pleasure of going over the old ground, and recalling
both the intellectual scenery and your own earlier self.
2. We hear it said frequently that what present-day
men most desire is security. If that is so, then they have a wrong
notion of what the real, the ultimate, security is. No one who is
dependent on anything outside himself, upon money, power, fame or
what-not, is or ever can be secure. Only he who possesses himself
and is content with himself is actually secure. Too much is being
said about the importance of adjustment and "participation in
the group." Even cooperation, to give this thing its most favorable
designation, is no more important than the ability to stand alone
when the choice must be made between the sacrifice of one's own integrity
and adjustment to or participation in group activity.
3. But we nephews did not pass him by. We were strangely
drawn to him. Especially when some of our specialist uncles wore us
down with their crankiness and difference. I spent some of the quietest
Sundays of my life in Uncle Amos's yard, lying under apple trees and
listening to bees and not listening to Uncle Amos who was bumbling
away at something he did not expect me to listen to at all. And caterpillars
came suddenly down on fine wires shining like gold, and hit Uncle
Amos on his bald spot, and he brushed them off and went on bumbling.
The heat was a burden, and the apple blossoms fell to pieces and drifted
down on me, and I could see the roof of the world over the black twigs
they came from. These were my solidest hours of pure being. I did
not have to do anything to live up to this quiet，friendly man. He
did not expect me to stand on my head and show off, or go after his
pipe, or keep the flies from lighting on his bald spot. And he always
had lemon drops somewhere deep in his roomy pockets, fore or aft,
and he liked to give them to me.
4. The lives of most men are determined by their environment.
They accept the circumstances amid which fate has thrown them not
only with resignation but even with good will. They are like streetcars
running contentedly on their rails and they despise the sprightly
flivver that dashes in and out of the traffic and speeds so jauntily
across the open country. I respect them; they are good citizens, good
husbands, and good fathers, and of course somebody has to pay the
taxes; but I do not find them exciting. I am fascinated by the men,
few enough in all conscience, who take life in their own hands and
seem to mould it to their own liking. It may be that we have no such
thing as free will, but at all events we have the illusion of it.
At a cross-road it does seem to us that we might go either to the
right or the left and, the choice once made, it is difficult to see
that the whole course of the world's history obliged us to take the
turning we did.
三、将下列英语篇章节选翻译成汉语：
1. Why Measure life in Heartbeats?
Hemingway once wrote that courage is grace under pressure. But I would
rather think with the 18th-century Italian dramatist, Vittorio Alfieri,
that "often the test of courage is not to die but to live."
For living with cancer engenders more than pressure; it begets terror.
To live with it, to face up to it -- that's courage.
Hope is our most effective "drug" in treating cancer. There
is almost no cancer (at any stage) that cannot be treated. By instilling
hope in a patient, we can help develop a positive, combative attitude
to his disease. Illogical, unproven? Perhaps. But many doctors believe
that this must become a part of cancer therapy if the therapy is to
be effective.
I have had the joy of two beautiful and wonderful wives, the happiness
of parenthood and the love of eight children. My work was constantly
challenging and fulfilling. I have always loved music and books, ballet
and the theater. I was addicted to fitness, tennis, golf, curling,
hunting and fishing. Good food and wine graced my table. My home was
a warm and happy place.
But when I became aware of my imminent mortality, my attitudes changed.
There was real meaning to the words, "This is the first day of
the rest of your life." There was a heightened awareness of each
sunny day, the beauty of flowers, the song of a bird. How often do
we reflect on the joy of breathing easily, of swallowing without effort
and discomfort, of walking without pain, of a complete and peaceful
night's sleep?
After I became ill, I embarked upon many things I had been putting
off before. I read the books I had set aside for retirement and wrote
one myself, entitled the Art of Surgery. My wife Madeleine and I took
more holidays. We played tennis regularly and curled avidly; we took
the boys fishing. When I review these past few years, it seems in
many ways that I have lived a lifetime since I acquired cancer. On
my last holiday in the Bahamas, as I walked along the beach feeling
the gentle waves wash over my feet, I felt part of the universe, even
if only a minuscule one, like a grain of sand on the beach.
Although I had to restrict the size of my practice, I felt a closer
empathy with my patients. When I walked into the Intensive Care Unit
there was an awesome feeling knowing I, too, had been a patient there.
It was a special satisfaction to comfort my patients with cancer,
knowing that it is possible to enjoy life after the anguish of that
diagnosis. It gave me a warm feeling to see the sparkle in one patient's
eyes - a man with a total laryngotomy - when I asked if he would enjoy
a cold beer and went to get him one.
If one realizes that our time on this earth is but a tiny fraction
of that within the cosmos, then life calculated in years may not be
as important as we think. Why measure life in heartbeats? When life
is so dependent on such an unreliable function as the beating of the
heart, then it is fragile indeed. The only thing that one can depend
upon with absolute certainty is death.
I believe that death may be the most important part of life. I believe
that life is infinitesimally brief in relation to the immensity of
eternity. I believe, because of my religious faith, that I shall "return
to the Father" in an afterlife that is beyond description. I
believe that though my life was short in years, it was full in experience,
joy, love and accomplishment; that my own immortality will reside
in the memories of my loved ones left behind, mother, brother, wife,
children, dear friends. I believe that I will die with loved ones
close by and, one hopes, achieve that great gift of God - death in
peace, and with dignity.
--from Reader's Digest
2. I HAVE A DREAM
August 28, 1963
Martin Luther King
I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history
as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we
stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous
decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves,
who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came
as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.
But one hundred years later, the Negro is Still not free. One hundred
years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the
manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred
years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the
midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later,
the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and
finds himself an exile in his own land. So we have come here today
to dramatize an appalling condition.
In a sense, we've come to our nation's Capital to cash a check. When
the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the
Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing
a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note
was a promise that all men - yes, black men as well as white men -
would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the
pursuit of happiness.
It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory
note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring
this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check;
a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds."
But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We
refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults
of opportunity of this nation. So we've come to cash this check -
a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the
security of justice. We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind
America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in
the luxury of cooling off to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism.
Now is the time to make real the promises of Democracy. Now is the
time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the
sunlight of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from
the quicksand of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.
Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children.
