| In this part ,we'll do exercise
of structure. We'll sum up the basic knowledge and their patterns
so that you'll have some clear idea about them. |
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语法小知识
1. sentence pattern (spend
… doing sth.)
2. except, except for
3. used to do sth.
4. the independent element(独立成分)
1. sentence pattern : (spend…doing sth.)
例如：He's spent his life writing this book. spend
常用的结构还有：
spend…in doing 花费…做某事 (in可省略)
spend…on sth. 花费…在某事、物上 (on后只用名词或代词)
例如："How did you spend your summer vacation?" "I
spent it (in) reading and fishing."
He spent all his savings on a new car.
2. except, except for 都指"除…之外，再不包括"，但except
指从整体中将个别特殊的排除出去，
而except for 表示某种理由或细节，在一定程度上修正了前面句子所述的主要意思。
另外，except for 可放在句首，而except 一般不置于句首。
例如：He gets up early every day except Sunday.
I like her except when she is crying.Except for this, everything
is in order.
The skirt is OK except for the color.
3. used to do sth.
是一个用于表示在过去常做的动作或出现的状态的句型。
在构成否定句和疑问句时，常借助于did，同时也可用used直接作助动词。
例如：I didn't use to play football at school. (= I used not
to play football at school.)
Did you use to be afraid of dogs? (= Used you to be afraid
of dogs?)
In your boyhood, you used to play with Xiao Liu, didn't you?
There used to be an old pine tree here, wasn't there? 从前这里有棵古松，对吗？
4. most curious of all 是独立成分，称为插入语，相当于 What
is most curious of all。
插入语包括独立不定式、独立分词、由to引导的短语以及诸如frankly, on the whole, honestly,
what is worse, worst of all, last but not least, what is more
important, most important of all等副词或短语。插入语的功能在于表达句子中间的某种递进、顺序、承接关系，作者对某一问题的解释、总结，或者作者对某一问题的看法、态度。
例如：To tell the truth, I don't like it.Strictly speaking, he
is not qualified.What is more important, we have improved our
equipment.(Well, let's do the following exercise together. Check
the answer with the key carefully.) |
VIII.Rewrite
the following sentences after the model:
Key
to Exercise VIII. HideMe
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1.
They spent two whole months working on the design
of the machine .
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2.
The artist spends most of his spare time collecting
butterfly specimens .
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3.
The manager spent three hours talking to Sam yesterday
morning.
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4.
He spent the whole morning trying to solve the math
problem.
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Model: I looked around and
made notes for about a week.
I spent about a week looking around and making notes.
1. They worked on the design of the machine for two whole months.
2. The artist collects butterfly specimens (蝴蝶标本) during most
of his spare time.
3. The manager talked to Sam for three hours yesterday morning.
4. The whole morning he tried to solve the math problem. . |
Ⅸ.
Practise the following:
Key
to Exercise IX. HideMe
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1.
1) His
nephew didn’t use to visit him at Christmas.
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Did his nephew use
to visit him at Christmas?
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2) He didn’t use to be as thin
as she.
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Did he use to be
as thin as she?
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3) She didn’t use to burn the
midnight oil.
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Did she use to burn
the midnight oil?
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2.
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1) didn’t they
2) didn’t you
3) wasn’t there
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1. Make the following sentences
negative and interrogative:
Model: He used to travel by air.
He didn't use to travel by air.
Did he use to travel by air?
1) His nephew used to visit him at Christmas. . ?
__________________________________.
__________________________________?
2) He used to be as thin as she. . ?
___________________________________.
__________________________________?
3) She used to burn the midnight oil. . ?
___________________________________.
__________________________________?
2. Complete the following sentences, using question tags (附加疑问):
Model: My brother used to dance with you, didn't he?
1) Tom and Jack used to go swimming together during their childhood,
_______?
2) You used to smoke a pack of cigarettes a day, _______?
3) There used to be a map of the world on the wall, _______? |
Ⅹ.
Fill in the blanks with "except" or "except for":
Key
to Exercise Ⅹ. HideMe
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1. except
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2. except for
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3. except
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4. except for
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5. except
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6. except for
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1. Every one of them agreed to his
proposal ________ her.
2. The room was virtually (实际上) empty ________ a bench or two.
3. The retired engineer was seen walking with a stick by the
canal (运河) every day ________ when he was ill in bed.
4. The essays by the foreign students are well-written ________
a few mistakes in grammar.
5. Ann seldom went ________ anywhere to her aunt's.
6. The overcoat is ready ________ the buttons. |
Ⅺ.
Use the expressions listed below in the following sentences:
Key
to Exercise Ⅺ. HideMe
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1. First of
all
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2. Most curious
of all
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3. Most important
of all
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4. Worst of
all
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first of all
worst of all
most important of all
most curious of all
1) ________, we must make him change his mind.
2) ________, the manager did not know how many workers there
were in his factory.
3) ________, you should trust and support each other.
4) ________, he wouldn't listen to any word we said to him. |
