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| Word
Building |
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(In
this part, you are going to learn two ways of word formation
by adding suffixes to roots (词根). Please read the directions,
understand the meanings of each suffix, and remember the related
rules. Familiarity with word formation will enlarge your vocabulary.
Now, let's look at word building.)
I.Directions: The suffixes
-ful and -less can be added to nouns to form adjectives. The
suffix -ful means "full of", "showing" or
"causing" and the suffix -less means "without".
Now complete the following sentences with the proper forms of
the italicized words.
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Key
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1. useless 2. careless
3. colorful
4. jobless
5. hopeful 6. endless
7. pitiful 8.
powerful
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1. This broken hammer (榔头) is of
no use any more. The hammer is _____.
2. He was not careful when writing the letter. He was
_____.
3. The room was filled with color. It was _____.
4. The gentleman does not have a job. He is _____.
5. The shop girl has hope that she will get a raise,
She is _____ of a raise.
6. I thought the movie would never end. The movie seemed
_____.
7. The narrator had pity on the old man. It seemed to
him that the old man was _____ and
out of place among those happy, prosperous looking Christmas
shoppers.
8. He’s got the power to decide who should have the job.
He’s the most _____ person in
the company. |
II
Directions:The suffixes -er, -or,
and -ar can be added to verbs to form agent nouns -- names of
persons or things performing an act, e.g. visitor←visit, singer←sing, operator←operate. Can you explain how the following
words are
formed:
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Key
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1. sampler 2. beginner
3. liar
4. shoppers
5. beggars 6. actor
7. sailors
8. translators
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actor← sailor← beggar← sampler←
beginner← hopper← liar← translator←
Now complete the following sentences with the above
agent nouns.
1. The old man came to the store every week to sample the various
kinds of puddings there
but never made a purchase. He was just a _____.
2. I’ve just begun collecting coins. I am a _____.
3. He is always telling lies; he is a _____.
4. “The business is not very good,” the shop girl said. “Most
people come here to have a
look rather than shop. They are more visitors than _____.”
5. Those people do not beg publicly. Therefore, they cannot
be regarded as _____.
6. I have acted in our school play. I am an amateur (业余的) _____.
7. Francis Chichester sailed around the world single-handed
in a small boat. He is
recognized as one of the greatest _____ of the century.
8. Fu Lei translated many French novels into Chinese. He was
one of the greatest _____ of
modern China. |
III. Directions:Study the following words. Then use
them correctly in the sentences below.
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Key
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1. 1) evidence
2) Evidently
3) evident
4) evident
2. 1) kind
2) kindly
3) Kindness
4) kindly
3. 1) eagerly
2) eager
3) eagerness
4) eager
4. 1) sincere
2) sincerely
3) sincerity
4) sincere
5. 1) occasional
2) occasionally
3) occasion
4) occasionally
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Nouns
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Adjectives
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Adverbs
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| evidence |
evident
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evidently |
| kindness |
kind
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kindly |
| eagerness |
eager |
eagerly |
| sincerity
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sincere |
sincerely |
| occasion |
occasional |
occasionally |
1. evidence, evident, evidently
1) Do you have any _____ that Charles stole the jewels (宝石)?
2) _____, there is no one at home. The lights are out.
3) It is _____ that the elderly gentleman has been greatly
hurt and will never come back
to the store to sample puddings any more.
4) The old lady looked at her daughter with _____ pride.
2. kindness, kind, kindly
1) It’s very _____ of you to invite me to tea.
2) Would you _____ turn down the radio?
3) _____ is one of the qualities we would look for in a friend.
4) The policeman treated the lost child very _____.
3. eagerness, eager, eagerly
1) The old man began _____ to sample one after another of
the puddings as soon as he
accepted the spoon.
2) He is always ______ to see new places and keen (渴望的) to meet new people.
3) They looked forward to the occasion with great _____.
4) All the children listened to the story with _____ attention.
4. sincerity, sincere, sincerely
1) Was he _____ in his offer to purchase a pudding for the
old man?
2) The narrator _____ wished that he could take back his
tactless words.
3) I may say in all _____ that I did not mean to hurt you.
4) Please give my _____ regards (问候) to all the members
of your family.
5. occasion, occasional, occasionally
1) We had fine weather all through July except for an _____
thunderstorm.
2) Prof. Wilson’s daughter teaches at a high school in California,
and she ______flies to
New York to see him.
3) I can’t recall (回忆) the ______, but I did meet her before.
4) In the past two years, Myra has come to see her mother
only _____.
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